InSAR Svalbard
More information about InSAR properties and limitations: https://www.insar.no
Terms and conditions
The data and services offered by the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), together with its partners, within the InSAR Svalbard project, are made available under the Norwegian Licence for Open Government Data (NLOD) 2.0. By using "InSAR Svalbard" services, you automatically consent to these terms. The service contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2021).
Project attributions
- The InSAR Svalbard project is managed and coordinated by the Geological Survey of Norway.
- The project is cofunded by the Norwegian Space Agency.
- The service is powered by NLive developed by NORCE Research AS.
Data attributions
The service uses terrain and map data from several sources:
- Copernicus Programme: European Union and European Space Agency
- Norwegian Polar Institute
- Geological Survey of Norway
- Norwegian Mapping Authority, GeoVekst and Counties
- Blue Marble: Next Generation; NASA Earth Observatory
- GTOPO30; U.S. Geological Survey
Code attributions
The visualization is built on NORCE NLive. The following libraries are used: glMatrix, poly2tri.js, pako inflate, svgcanvas, int64-buffer, RequireJS, proj4, regression, webgl-debug. Some color maps courtesy of Scientific Colour Maps. Click here to view licenses.
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Add WMS or WMTS layers
Enter the URL for a WMS or WMTS server below and click Add WMS or Add WMTS depending on the server type. Note that any custom WMS/WMTS servers added here will disappear when the page is reloaded.
No servers added yet.
Requirements
To use an external WMS or WMTS server, the server must meet the following requirements:- Support the necessary CORS-headers
- Support secure HTTP
- Support delivering imagery in Web Mercator projection (EPSG:3857, EPSG:900913)
The visualization's support for WMS and WTMS servers has some shortcomings, some of which may result in a given server not working even if it meets the requirements above. If you experience problems, simply reload this page.
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR)
The InSAR Svalbard products are based on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites. These radar sensors emit C-band microwaves (5.6 cm wavelength) and record the reflected signal from the Earth’s surface.
InSAR Svalbard products are processed with a Small BAseline Subset algorithm (SBAS). InSAR measures radar phase differences between images taken at different times (with a 6- to 12-day sampling interval). This phase difference is used to document ground surface movements.
Data limitations and phase ambiguities
Each coloured symbol on the map represents the center location of a documented InSAR pixel, which has an approx. 30 m resolution. The absence of a symbol (no data) does not mean that there is no movement. It means that we cannot document movement with InSAR due to limitations such as: shadow, layover, water, snow cover and too fast movements. High-velocity areas (>1 m/yr) often exceed the detection limit of the technique and remain undocumented. These parts may remain undocumented (no data) or be affected by displacement shifts (bias due to phase ambiguities). Always remain critical when looking at the data, especially if one isolated pixel shows very different patterns compared to its surroundings.
Line-of-sight (LOS) displacements
InSAR does not capture the full 3D displacement information. The radar detects a distance change between the sensor and the ground. The documented displacement is one dimensional along the radar line-of-sight (LOS). SAR satellites have a side-looking geometry. The viewing angle depends on the orbit direction:
- Ascending (satellite flying S → N): The radar is looking down towards the east–northeast and is most sensitive to vertical and eastward movement.
- Descending (satellite flying N → S): The radar is looking down towards the west–northwest and is most sensitive to vertical and westward movement.
- A SAR is blind to any movement fully perpendicular to its LOS. E–W movement is more detectable than N–S movement.
- The time series show how the movement changes over time, relative to the first acquisition of the series.
- LOS displacement toward the satellite is expressed with positive values (+). Displacements away from the sensor have a negative sign (-).
Products
- Seasonal: LOS surface displacement during snow-free periods. The default mapped value is the maximum seasonal displacement in mm. Each season is processed separately.
- Interannual: LOS surface displacement between snow-free periods. The default mapped value is the interannual velocity in mm/yr. Several snow-free periods are processed together.
More information about InSAR properties and limitations: https://www.insar.no
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N/A Hello
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Navigating InSAR Svalbard
Navigation using mouse and/or keyboard
- Click-and-drag to pan around in the map
- Click-and-drag with the right mouse button or while holding the Shift key down to tilt and rotate the map
- Use the scroll wheel or scroll gesture on your trackpad to zoom
You can also enter free-flight mode. In this mode, the cursor is hidden. Movement is controlled using the keyboard, and look direction controlled by moving the mouse. (The keyboard is also active for movement even without being in free-flight mode.)
| Action | Key |
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| Enter free-flight mode | Alt-G |
| Exit free-flight mode | Esc or Alt-G |
| Fly in/out | W, S |
| Fly left/right | A, D |
| Fly up/down | Q, E |
Navigation using touch
- Move the map by dragging with one finger
- Zoom by pinching two fingers
- Rotate the map by moving two fingers in a circular motion
- Tilt the map by moving two fingers up or down
Tools
| Icon | Description |
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| Enter text in this field to search for places or enter decimal latitude and longitude coordinates to reveal that location on the map. | |
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Shows information about InSAR. |
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Shows this window. |
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Shows interface for adding WMS servers. |
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Shows the legend window. |
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Sets the direction of the light source to match your current view direction. |
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Zooms the map to your current location. |
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Generate a link you can use to share your current view with others. |
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Shows the current mode. Click to toggle between 3D mode and 2D mode. |
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Mean timeseries for points. Click to draw a polygon around the points of interest. Double-click to close the polygon. The mean timeseries appears in the plot window. |
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Draw a line in the map to compute the cross-section of points within N meters of the line. |
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Click once to make measurements in the map, then select two points on the map to compute the distance between them. The result appears in the scale bar area in the lower right corner. |
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Show or hide the toolbar. |
Map layers
The maps area shows all base layer maps and additional map layers that are available.
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Show or hide the list of map layers. |
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Raise the selected map layer. |
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Lower the selected map layer. |
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Pan and zoom the map to show the selected layer. |
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Click the layer preview to toggle the layer on and off. Hold down the Option (Alt) key while clicking to toggle all layers within a group. |
Plot window
To open the plot window, click a point or select a group of points. The plot window will appear once data for the point(s) have been fetched from the server. To plot multiple single points, hold down the Shift-key while clicking each point. (Note that the summary display above the plot and the data table will only contain data from the last point clicked.)
- Hover the cursor over points in the plot to show their value.
- Click-and-drag to move the plot.
- Zoom the plot by scrolling in or out.
- Hold down the Shift-key while zooming to lock zoom to the Y-axis.
- Hold down either of the Command, Control or Alt keys to lock the X-axis while zooming.
You can also toggle connecting lines between each datapoint, points, select a curve to fit to the data and set a fixed limit on the Y axis from the popups at the bottom of the plot. Click the View Data button to show raw data for the last selected point. The plot shown can be exported as an SVG.
Miscellaneous tips and tricks
- Click the coordinate display to change projection between WGS84 and UTM 33.